Skilled labor needs to be employed to perform variety of operations in general purpose machines. Time required for production is more in the case of product layout. Further, the work is to be checked after each operation. High supervision costĬost of supervision is high because the number of employees per supervisor is less resulting in reduced span of control. This results in delays and therefore the investment in inventory is high. Frequently materials have to be carried back and forth. High investment in inventoryĭue to the lack of continuous flow of production there is high in-process inventory. facilities layout: Facility layout is simply the way a facility is arranged in order to maximize processes that are not only efficient but effective towards the. More storage space is to be provided around machines for waiting material to be processed. Space requirement is more than product layout. Fixed path material handling equipment like conveyor belts, chutes etc cannot be used and cost of material handling is quite.
Mechanization of material handling becomes difficult. Materials have to be carried forward and backward quite frequently. The following are the disadvantages of process layout: 1. Better supervisionīecause of specialization in operation, an efficient and Better supervision is possible. There is no need to provide a separate machine for each product line. General purpose machines are used in each department which can perform a variety of jobs.
#Process layout example operation management full
Process layout facilitates full utilization of equipment. New machines and labor can be added without upsetting the existing order of arrangement. Scope for expansionĭifferent capacity lines can be expanded under this type of layout. Work of the machine which suffers from breakdown can be transferred to the other machines. In case of breakdown of any machine, the whole process does not come to a standstill. Further general purpose machines do not become obsolete as rapidly as special purpose machines. General purpose machines which are usually of low cost are used. Changes in operations as well as their order can be made without disturbing the existing layout. It is more flexible when compared to a product layout. The important advantages offered by a process layout are as follows: 1. It is suitable in the case of catalytic crackers used in the refining of crude oil into petrol, kerosene, wax, rolling mills, wire drawing, chemical plants etc.
The process layout is suitable in the case of job order production, i.e., production is based on customer orders in which different varieties of goods are produced in small quantities. It requires large amount of specially designed plant operated by a small workforce. For example all the milling equipment would be arranged in the milling department, all the grinding machines in the grinding department and welding machines in the welding department.
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